Urea, tseem hu ua urea lossis carbamide, muaj cov tshuaj formula CH4N2O lossis CO (NH2) 2. Nws yog ib qho organic compound uas muaj carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, thiab hydrogen, thiab yog dawb crystalline hmoov.Ib qho ntawm cov organic tebchaw yooj yim tshaj plaws yog lub ntsiab nitrogen-muaj cov khoom kawg ntawm cov protein metabolism thiab decomposition hauv cov tsiaj nyeg thiab qee cov ntses.Raws li ib tug nruab nrab fertilizer, urea yog haum rau ntau yam av thiab nroj tsuag.Nws yog ib qho yooj yim khaws cia, yooj yim rau siv, thiab muaj kev puas tsuaj me me rau cov av.Nws yog ib qho tshuaj nitrogen chiv nrog ntau qhov kev siv thiab cov ntsiab lus nitrogen siab tshaj plaws.Urea yog synthesized nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob siv ammonia thiab carbon dioxide nyob rau hauv kev lag luam.
Urea tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov kua qaub los tsim cov ntsev.Nws muaj hydrolysis.Ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv condensation tuaj yeem ua rau tsim biuret, triuret, thiab cyanuric acid.Kub rau 160 ℃ rau decomposition, ua ammonia roj thiab hloov mus rau hauv isocyanate.Vim hais tias cov tshuaj no muaj nyob rau hauv tib neeg cov zis, nws yog hu ua urea.Urea muaj 46% nitrogen (N), uas yog cov ntsiab lus nitrogen siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov chiv nitrogen.
Urea tuaj yeem hydrolyze los tsim cov ammonia thiab carbon dioxide nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm acids, bases, thiab enzymes (acids thiab bases yuav tsum tau cua sov).
Rau thermal instability, cua sov rau 150-160 ℃ yuav deamination rau biuret.tooj liab sulfate reacts nrog biuret nyob rau hauv ib tug liab doog xim thiab yuav siv tau los txheeb xyuas urea.Yog hais tias kub ceev, nws yuav deammonized thiab trimeric los ua ib tug rau lub koom haum cyclic compound, cyanuric acid.
Acetylurea thiab diacetylurea tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog acetyl chloride lossis acetic anhydride.
Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm sodium ethanol, nws reacts nrog diethyl malonate los tsim malonylurea (tseem hu ua barbituric acid, vim nws acidity).
Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm alkaline catalysts xws li ammonia, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog formaldehyde thiab condense rau hauv urea formaldehyde resin.
React nrog hydrazine hydrate los tsim aminourea.
Molecular Luj: 60.06 g / mol
Qhov hnyav: 768 kg / m3
- Melting point: 132.7C
- Melting cua sov: 5.78-6 cal / g
-Combustion kub: 2531 calories / grams
-Relative tseem ceeb humidity (30 ° C): 73%
-Salinity index: 75.4
-Corrosiveness: Nws yog corrosive rau carbon steel, tab sis tsawg corrosive rau txhuas, zinc, thiab tooj liab.Nws tsis yog corrosive rau iav thiab hlau tshwj xeeb.
1. Yog tias urea khaws cia tsis raug, nws yooj yim rau nqus noo noo thiab clump, cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm urea thiab ua rau qee yam kev lag luam poob rau cov neeg ua liaj ua teb.Qhov no xav kom cov neeg ua liaj ua teb khaws urea kom raug.Ua ntej siv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum khaws lub hnab ntim urea kom zoo.Thaum lub sij hawm kev thauj mus los, nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas, tiv thaiv los ntawm nag, thiab khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw qhuav, qhov cua zoo nrog qhov kub hauv qab 20 ℃.
2. Yog tias nws khaws cia rau hauv qhov ntau, cov ntoo thaiv yuav tsum tau siv los npog hauv qab li ntawm 20 centimeters, thiab yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ntau tshaj 50 centimeters ntawm sab saum toj thiab lub ru tsev kom yooj yim rau qhov cua thiab noo noo dissipation.Ib txoj kab yuav tsum tau sab laug ntawm cov pawg.Txhawm rau txhim kho kev tshuaj xyuas thiab qhov cua.Yog tias cov urea uas twb tau qhib lawm tsis siv lawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muab lub hnab ntim lub qhov ncauj kom raws sijhawm kom yooj yim siv rau xyoo tom ntej.
3. Tsis txhob kov ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag.
Fertilizer: 90% ntawm urea tsim yog siv los ua chiv.Nws yog ntxiv rau cov av thiab muab nitrogen rau cov nroj tsuag.Tsawg biuret (tsawg dua 0.03%) urea yog siv los ua foliar chiv.Nws yog soluble hauv dej thiab siv rau nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab citrus.
Urea chiv muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev muab cov ntsiab lus nitrogen siab, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov nroj tsuag metabolism thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov stems thiab nplooj uas nqus lub teeb rau photosynthesis.Tsis tas li ntawd, nitrogen muaj nyob rau hauv cov vitamins thiab proteins, thiab muaj feem xyuam rau cov ntsiab lus protein ntawm cov nplej.
Urea siv ntau hom qoob loo.Fertilization yog tsim nyog vim hais tias cov av poob ntau nitrogen tom qab sau.Urea hais yog siv rau hauv av, uas yuav tsum ua haujlwm zoo thiab muaj cov kab mob nplua nuj.Daim ntawv thov tuaj yeem ua thaum cog lossis ua ntej.Tom qab ntawd, urea yog hydrolyzed thiab decomposed.
Kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua thaum siv urea kom raug rau cov av.Yog tias nws siv rau ntawm qhov chaw, lossis yog tias nws tsis muab tso rau hauv cov av los ntawm kev siv tsim nyog, dej nag, lossis dej, ammonia yuav evaporate thiab poob yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.Qhov tsis muaj nitrogen hauv cov nroj tsuag tau cuam tshuam nrog qhov txo qis hauv nplooj nplooj thiab txo qis hauv photosynthetic kev ua haujlwm.
Leaf fertilization: Nplooj fertilization yog ib qho kev coj ua thaum ub, tab sis feem ntau hais lus, kev siv cov av muaj feem xyuam nrog cov as-ham yog me me, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ntau npaum li cas.Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov ntaub ntawv thoob ntiaj teb qhia tias kev siv cov urea urea tsawg tuaj yeem txo cov tshuaj chiv rau hauv av yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm, qhov loj me, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo.Kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias foliar txau nrog me me ntawm urea yog zoo li cov av txau.Ntxiv nrog rau cov phiaj xwm ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, qhov no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv cov chiv ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj ua liaj ua teb.
Tshuaj thiab yas: Urea muaj nyob rau hauv cov nplaum, plastics, resins, inks, pharmaceuticals, thiab finishing agents rau textiles, ntawv, thiab hlau.
Cov tsiaj txhu noj zaub mov ntxiv: Urea yog tov rau hauv nyuj pub thiab muab nitrogen, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov protein.
Resin ntau lawm: Urea formaldehyde resin thiab lwm yam resins muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam, xws li plywood ntau lawm.Lawv kuj tau siv hauv tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab pleev xim.
Chemwin tuaj yeem muab ntau hom hydrocarbons thiab cov kuab tshuaj tshuaj lom neeg rau cov neeg siv khoom.Ua ntej ntawd, thov nyeem cov lus qhia hauv qab no txog kev ua lag luam nrog peb:
1. Kev ruaj ntseg
Kev nyab xeeb yog peb qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.Ntxiv nrog rau kev muab cov neeg siv khoom paub txog kev nyab xeeb thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg siv ntawm peb cov khoom, peb kuj tau cog lus los xyuas kom meej tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm raug txo qis rau qhov tsim nyog thiab ua tau tsawg kawg nkaus.Yog li ntawd, peb xav kom tus neeg siv khoom kom ntseeg tau tias qhov tsim nyog tshem tawm thiab khaws cov qauv kev nyab xeeb tau ua tiav ua ntej peb xa khoom (thov xa mus rau HSSE appendix nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus dav dav thiab kev muag khoom hauv qab no).Peb cov kws tshaj lij HSSE tuaj yeem muab kev taw qhia txog cov qauv no.
2. Txoj kev xa khoom
Cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem xaj thiab xa khoom los ntawm chemwin, lossis lawv tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom los ntawm peb cov chaw tsim khoom.Cov hom kev thauj mus los muaj xws li tsheb thauj mus los, tsheb ciav hlau lossis kev thauj mus los ntau yam (xws li kev sib cais).
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov neeg yuav tsum tau, peb muaj peev xwm qhia kom meej cov kev cai ntawm barges los yog tankers thiab siv tshwj xeeb kev nyab xeeb / tshuaj xyuas cov qauv thiab cov kev cai.
3. Yam tsawg kawg nkaus kom muaj nuj nqis
Yog tias koj yuav khoom los ntawm peb lub vev xaib, qhov kev txiav txim yam tsawg kawg nkaus yog 30 tons.
4. Kev them nyiaj
Cov txheej txheem them nqi yog txiav tawm ncaj qha hauv 30 hnub txij li daim ntawv xa nyiaj.
5. Cov ntaub ntawv xa tuaj
Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no tau muab nrog rau txhua qhov kev xa khoom:
· Bill of Lading, CMR Waybill lossis lwm yam ntaub ntawv thauj mus los
· Certificate of Analysis los yog Conformity (yog xav tau)
· Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog HSSE raws li txoj cai
· Cov ntaub ntawv kev lis kev cai raws li txoj cai (yog tias xav tau)
Cov khoom qeb
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