Toluene (molecular tus qauv: c7h8) yog hom kev ua hom menyuam yaus ntawm benzene, tseem hu ua "methyl benzene" thiab "pheny av". Nws yog ib qho tsis muaj kob, cov kua uas tsis muaj ntxhiab nrog lub aroma tshwj xeeb. Toluene yog ib tus tswv cuab ntawm cov ntxhiab tsw hydrocarbons. Hauv huab cua, Toluene tuaj yeem tsuas yog hlawv tsis tau thiab cov nplaim hluav taws daj. Ntau ntawm nws cov peev xwm zoo ib yam li cov ntawm benzene thiab muaj ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab tsw zoo ib yam li Benzene. Hauv kev coj ua, lawv feem ntau siv los ua cov organic cov kuab tshuaj tsis hloov cov tshuaj lom neeg.
Toluene yog nquag mus rau chlorination thiab ua rau benzene-chloromethane lossis benzene-trichloromethanethane, ob qho tib si uas yog cov kuab tshuaj zoo; Nws tuaj yeem rho tawm bromine los ntawm cov dej bromine, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem hnov cov dej bromine; Nws tseem yooj yim rau nitrify thiab tsim nitrotoluene lossis o-nitrotoluene, ob leeg yog cov ntaub ntawv nyoos ntawm dyes; ib feem ntawm toluene thiab peb ntu ntawm nitric acid yog nitrated los muab trinitrotoluene (hom npe hu ua TNT); Nws tseem yooj yim sulfonated los tsim o-toluenesulfonic acid los yog p-toluenesulfonate uas yog cov ntaub ntawv raw rau ua kom tuag lossis ua saccharin. Toluene vapor sib tov nrog cua los ua cov tshuaj tawg, yog li nws tuaj yeem ua rau TNT cov khoom tawg.
Toluene yog muab tau los ntawm cov tawv nqaij ua kom zoo li zoo aspetroum. Nws tshwm sim hauv roj av thiab txiv neej matypetoleum cov kuab tshuaj. Toluene yog siv los tsim cov chaw muag khoom (tnt), tolrene diisocyanate, thiab benzene; raws li ib qho khoom xyaw rau cov tshuaj muaj yees, yeeb tshuaj, thiab dej paug; Thiab raws li kev muaj kev lag luam rau rubbers, cov xim tha xim, tsho xim, thiab nyiaj.
Toluene muaj ntau cov kev thov hauv kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam roj av, nrog kwv yees li 6 lab tons siv ib xyoos ib zaug hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab 16 lab nqa khoom siv thoob ntiaj teb. Kev siv loj ntawm toluene yog ua lub roj oxolane hauv roj av. Toluene muaj ib lub octane ntaus nqi ntawm 114. Toluene yog ib ntawm plaub tus thawj xib fwb, thiab kev ua kom zoo nkauj, thiab ua kom muaj kev ua kom zoo rau kev txhim kho cov roj av ua haujlwm. Suav ua ke, cov plaub sib txuas no yog cov lus luv li BTEX. BTEX yog qhov tiv thaiv loj ntawm cov roj av, sib sau txog 18% los ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm ib qho kev sib xyaw. Txawm hais tias qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov neeg muaj kuab muaj ntau yam los tsim kev sib txawv los ua kom tau raws li thaj chaw thiab cov raws caij nyoog, tolreal yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom loj. Ib qho roj av nyias muaj kwv yees li 5% toluene los ntawm qhov hnyav.
Toluene yog thawj pub dawb siv los tsim ntau cov organic sib txuas. Nws yog siv rau tsim diisocyanates. Isocyanates muaj pab pawg ua haujlwm? N = c = O, thiab Diisocyanatalescontainion ob ntawm cov no. Ob lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb yog toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Andtoluene 2,6-Diisocyanate. Zeem ntawm Diisocyanates nyob rau hauv North America nyob ze rau ntawm billionpounds txhua xyoo. Ntau tshaj 90% ntawm Toluene Diisocyanate ntau lawm yog siv rau cov ua npuas ncauj. Lub tom kawg tau siv los hloov chaw nyob rau rooj tog, txaj, thiab Cushions.in Cov ntaub ntawv tawv, cov khoom siv pib, thiab cov log tsheb thauj khoom plig.
Hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam benzoic, benzaldehyde, tawg, dyes, thiab ntau lwm cov ocegic tebchaw; Raws li cov kuab tshuaj rau cov xim tha xim, lacquers, pos hniav, covsins; thinner rau inks, naj hoom, dyes; nyob rau hauv extraction ntawm ntau cov ntsiab cai los ntawm cov nroj tsuag; raws li roj av ntxiv.
Chemwin tuaj yeem muab ntau qhov ntau ntawm hydrocarbons thiab cov kuab tshuaj lom neeg rau cov neeg siv khoom lag luam.Ua ntej ntawd, thov nyeem cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no hais txog kev ua lag luam nrog peb:
1. Kev ruaj ntseg
Kev nyab xeeb yog peb qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Ntxiv rau muab cov neeg siv khoom nrog kev siv cov ntaub ntawv hais txog peb cov khoom lag luam, peb kuj tau cog lus tias kev muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm raug txo qis thiab ua tau tsawg kawg nkaus. Yog li ntawd, peb xav kom tus qhua tuaj noj mov kom ntseeg tau tias qhov tsim nyog tso tseg thiab kev nyab xeeb cov qauv kev nyab xeeb tau ntsib cov ntawv tshaj tawm HSSE (thov saib cov nqe lus dav dav thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev muag khoom hauv qab). Peb cov kws paub HDSE tau muab cov kev taw qhia rau cov qauv no.
2. Kev Xa Tawm
Cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem xaj thiab xa cov khoom lag luam los ntawm Chemwin, lossis lawv tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom los ntawm peb cov khoom lag luam tsim khoom. Cov qauv muaj kev thauj khoom muaj cov tsheb thauj neeg muaj tsheb thauj khoom, tsheb ciav hlau lossis cov neeg thauj khoom ntau (cais cov mob siv).
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas cov neeg yuav tsum tau ua, peb tuaj yeem hais cov cai ntawm cov nkoj lossis cov qauv kev nyab xeeb thiab siv cov qauv kev nyab xeeb tshwj xeeb / tshuaj xyuas thiab cov tseev kom ua.
3. Yam tsawg kawg txiav txim kom muaj nuj nqis
Yog tias koj yuav khoom los ntawm peb lub vev xaib, qhov kev txiav txim yam tsawg kawg nkaus yog 30 tons.
4. Upayment
Txoj kev them nqi them yog ncaj qha txiav tawm tsis pub dhau 30 hnub los ntawm daim ntawv qhia nqe.
5. Xa cov ntaub ntawv
Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no tau muab rau txhua qhov kev xa khoom:
Bill Nqi ntawm Lading, Cmr Waybill lossis lwm daim ntawv thauj khoom uas muaj feem xyuam
Daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ntsuas lossis kev ua raws (yog tias yuav tsum tau)
· HSSEs cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog kab nrog cov kev cai
· Kev cai sau cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov kev cai (yog tias yuav tsum tau)