Isopropanol, tseem hu ua isopropyl cawv lossis 2-propanol, yog cov kua tsis muaj xim, flammable nrog cov yam ntxwv tsw. Nws yog cov khoom siv dav siv tshuaj uas pom cov ntawv thov hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam, suav nrog cov kws tshuaj, tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab kev lag luam ua zaub mov. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav delve tob rau hauv lub npe nrov rau isopropanol thiab nws ntau yam kev siv thiab cov khoom.

Lo lus "isopropanol" yog hais txog ib chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj sib txuas uas muaj tib pab pawg ua haujlwm thiab cov qauv molecular li ethanol. Qhov txawv yog qhov tseeb tias isopropanol muaj ib pab pawg methyl ntxiv nrog rau cov pa roj carbon atom nyob ib sab ntawm pawg hydroxyl. Cov pab pawg methyl ntxiv no muab isopropanol sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg piv rau ethanol.

Isopropanol yog tsim los ntawm ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb: txheej txheem acetone-butanol thiab cov txheej txheem propylene oxide. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem acetone-butanol, acetone thiab butanol yog reacted nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug acid catalyst los tsim isopropanol. Cov txheej txheem propylene oxide muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm propylene nrog oxygen nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug catalyst los tsim propylene glycol, uas yog ces hloov mus rau hauv isopropanol.

Ib qho kev siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm isopropanol yog nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab cov khoom tu tus kheej. Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj hauv cov khoom no vim nws cov solubility thiab cov khoom tsis ua rau khaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev, qhov twg nws cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob tau muab tso rau kev siv zoo. Hauv kev lag luam kws tshuaj, isopropanol yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj hauv kev npaj tshuaj thiab ua cov khoom siv raw rau kev sib txuas ntawm lwm cov tshuaj sib txuas.

Ntxiv mus, isopropanol kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev lag luam ua zaub mov ua tus neeg sawv cev tsw thiab khaws cia. Nws feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj xws li jams, jellies, thiab dej qab zib vim nws muaj peev xwm txhim kho tsw thiab ua kom lub neej ntev. Cov tshuaj lom neeg tsawg ntawm isopropanol tso cai rau nws siv tau zoo hauv cov ntawv thov no.

Hauv kev xaus, isopropanol yog cov tshuaj siv dav siv nrog ntau daim ntawv thov kev lag luam. Nws cov qauv molecular tshwj xeeb thiab lub cev lub cev ua rau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam, suav nrog tshuaj pleev ib ce, tshuaj, thiab kev ua zaub mov. Kev paub txog nws lub npe nrov thiab nws cov kev siv muab kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg ntau yam.