Acetoneyog ib qho tsis muaj kob, cov kua tsis muaj suab uas tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam thiab lub neej txhua hnub. Nws yog hom ketone lub cev nrog cov qauv molecular c3h6o. Acetone yog cov khoom siv hluav taws nrog lub qhov cub npau npau ntawm 56.11°C thiab ib tug melting point of -94.99°C. Nws muaj lub zog khaus tsis hnov ​​tsw thiab yog qhov tsis tshua muaj zog. Nws yog soluble hauv dej, ethere, thiab dej cawv, tab sis tsis nyob hauv dej. Nws yog cov khoom siv refle nyob hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, uas tuaj yeem siv los tsim ntau yam sib txuas, thiab tseem siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj, nqus tsev ntxhua khaub ncaws, thiab lwm yam.

Cov khoom xyaw ntawm acetone yog dab tsi? Txawm hais tias Acetone yog qhov tshuaj sib xyaw ntshiab, nws cov txheej txheem ntau lawm cuam tshuam ntau yam kev tawm tsam. Cia wb saib ntawm cov lej ntawm acetone los ntawm nws cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov hau kev los ua acetone? Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los tsim acetone, ntawm cov feem ntau ib qho yog cov catalytic oxidation ntawm propylene. Cov txheej txheem no siv cua ua cov oxidant, thiab siv cov catalene tsim los hloov propylene mus rau aceetone thiab hydrogen peroxide. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj raws li nram no:

CH3CH = CH2 + 3/2O2Luam dej →Ch3coch3 + h2o2

Cov tshuaj tua neeg siv nyob rau hauv cov kev tshuaj tiv thaiv no feem ntau yog ib tug oxide ntawm titanium dioxide txhawb nqa ntawm cov inert creal xws liγ-Ar2O3. Hom catalyst muaj kev ua zoo thiab xaiv rau kev hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm propylene rau acetone. Ib qho ntxiv, lwm txoj hauv kev suav nrog kev tsim cov acetone los ntawm dehydrogenation ntawm isopropanol, kev tsim cov acetone los ntawm hydrolysis ntawm acroolein, thiab lwm yam.

Yog li cov tshuaj nchuav dab tsi ua acetone? Hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm acetone, propylene yog siv ua cov khoom siv raw, thiab huab cua siv ua oxidant. Cov khoom siv catalyst siv nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yog Titanium Dioxide txhawb nqa rauγ-Ar2O3. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau tau txais cov acetone siab, tom qab sib cais thiab cov kev sib cais thiab ib daim Rectification thiab xav tau lwm yam kev cuam tshuam hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau tau txais cov acetone, kev sib cais thiab cov kev sib cais thiab ib daim Rectification thiab xav tau kom tshem tawm lwm cov impurities hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ib qho ntxiv, txhawm rau tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, tsim nyog kho cov kev kho mob uas tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm los txo cov kuab paug thiab pa.

Hauv ntej, cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm acetone cuam tshuam ntau yam kev tawm tsam thiab cov kauj ruam, tab sis lub ntsiab cov khoom siv thiab oxidant yog propylene thiab cua feem. Ntxiv rau, Titanium Dioxide txhawb nqa rauγ-Al2o3 feem ntau yog siv los ua catalyst los txhawb txoj kev tshuaj tiv thaiv. Thaum kawg, tom qab sib cais thiab cov kauj ruam lim kom haum xws li distillation thiab rectification, high-purity acetone tuaj yeem tau siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev siv.