MMA, tag nrho lub npe hu ua methyl methacrylate, yog ib qho tseem ceeb raw khoom rau zus tau tej cov polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), uas yog feem ntau hu ua acrylic. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm PMMA kev lag luam hloov kho, kev txhim kho ntawm MMA kev lag luam saw tau raug thawb rov qab. Raws li kev sojntsuam, muaj peb txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm MMA, uas yog acetone cyanohydrin method (ACH method), ethylene carbonylation method thiab isobutylene oxidation method (C4 method). Tam sim no, txoj kev ACH thiab C4 feem ntau yog siv hauv Suav cov tuam txhab tsim khoom, thiab tsis muaj qhov chaw tsim khoom rau ethylene carbonylation.

Peb txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm MMA tus nqi saw txheeb xyuas qhov saum toj no peb cov txheej txheem ntau lawm thiab lub ntsiab downstream PMMA nqi halo feem.

Daim duab 1 Flow daim ntawv ntawm MMA kev lag luam saw nrog cov txheej txheem sib txawv (Duab qhov chaw: Tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam)

Kev lag luam saw I: ACH txoj kev MMA tus nqi saw
Hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem ACH MMA, cov khoom siv tseem ceeb yog acetone thiab hydrocyanic acid, qhov twg hydrocyanic acid yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom ntawm acrylonitrile, thiab auxiliary methanol, yog li kev lag luam feem ntau siv acetone, acrylonitrile thiab methanol raws li tus nqi los xam cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm raw khoom. Ntawm lawv, 0.69 tons ntawm acetone thiab 0,32 tons ntawm acrylonitrile thiab 0.35 tons ntawm methanol raug xam raws li chav tsev noj. Nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm ACH txoj kev MMA, acetone tus nqi suav rau qhov loj tshaj plaws, ua raws li hydrocyanic acid uas ua los ntawm cov khoom ntawm acrylonitrile, thiab methanol tso nyiaj rau qhov tsawg tshaj plaws.

Raws li kev txheeb xyuas tus nqi ntawm acetone, methanol thiab acrylonitrile nyob rau hauv peb lub xyoos dhau los, nws tau pom tias kev sib raug zoo ntawm ACH txoj kev MMA nrog acetone nyob ib ncig ntawm 19%, nrog methanol yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 57% thiab raws li acrylonitrile yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 18%. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov no thiab tus nqi sib koom hauv MMA, qhov twg qhov sib koom siab ntawm acetone rau tus nqi ntawm MMA tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog nws cov nqi hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm ACH txoj kev MMA, thaum tus nqi hloov pauv. ntawm methanol muaj feem cuam tshuam rau tus nqi ntawm MMA dua li acetone.

Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi sib koom ntawm methanol tsuas yog nyob ntawm 7%, thiab tus nqi sib faib ntawm acetone yog li 26%. Rau kev kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm MMA, nws tseem ceeb dua los saib cov nqi hloov pauv ntawm acetone.

Zuag qhia tag nrho, tus nqi saw ntawm ACH MMA feem ntau yog los ntawm tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm acetone thiab methanol, ntawm cov acetone muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws ntawm tus nqi ntawm MMA.

Kev lag luam saw II: C4 txoj kev MMA tus nqi saw

Rau tus nqi saw ntawm C4 txoj kev MMA, nws cov ntaub ntawv raw yog isobutylene thiab methanol, ntawm cov isobutylene yog cov khoom siv high-purity isobutylene, uas los ntawm MTBE cracking ntau lawm. Thiab methanol yog cov khoom lag luam methanol, uas yog los ntawm kev tsim cov thee.

Raws li tus nqi muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm C4 MMA, tus nqi sib txawv ntawm isobutene chav noj yog 0.82 thiab methanol yog 0.35. Nrog rau kev vam meej ntawm txhua tus neeg hauv kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis, chav tsev noj tau raug txo mus rau 0.8 hauv kev lag luam, uas tau txo tus nqi ntawm C4 MMA rau qee qhov. Cov seem yog cov nqi tas li, xws li cov nqi dej, hluav taws xob thiab roj, cov nqi nyiaj txiag, cov nqi kho dej phwj thiab lwm yam.

Nyob rau hauv no, qhov sib koom ntawm high-purity isobutylene nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm MMA yog hais txog 58%, thiab feem ntawm methanol nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm MMA yog hais txog 6%. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias isobutene yog tus nqi sib txawv loj tshaj plaws hauv C4 MMA, qhov twg tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm isobutene muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau tus nqi ntawm C4 MMA.

Tus nqi saw cuam tshuam rau siab purity isobutene yog taug qab mus rau tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm MTBE, uas siv 1.57 chav noj thiab tsim ntau dua 80% ntawm tus nqi rau siab purity isobutene. Tus nqi ntawm MTBE nyob rau hauv lem yog los ntawm methanol thiab pre-ether C4, qhov twg cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm pre-ether C4 tuaj yeem txuas mus rau cov khoom noj rau cov khoom muaj nqis.

Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias high purity isobutene tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm tert-butanol lub cev qhuav dej, thiab qee lub tuam txhab yuav siv tert-butanol los ua lub hauv paus rau kev suav nyiaj MMA, thiab nws chav noj ntawm tert-butanol yog 1.52. Raws li kev suav ntawm tert-butanol 6200 yuan / ton, tert-butanol suav txog li 70% ntawm MMA tus nqi, uas loj dua isobutene.

Hauv lwm lo lus, yog tias tus nqi txuas ntawm tert-butanol yog siv, qhov hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi saw ntawm C4 txoj kev MMA, qhov hnyav ntawm tert-butanol yog ntau dua li ntawm isobutene.

Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv C4 MMA, qhov hnyav hnyav rau tus nqi hloov pauv yog nyob ntawm siab mus rau qis: tert-butanol, isobutene, MTBE, methanol, roj crude.

Kev lag luam saw III: Ethylene carbonylation MMA tus nqi saw

Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsim khoom lag luam ntawm MMA los ntawm ethylene carbonylation hauv Suav teb, yog li qhov cuam tshuam ntawm tus nqi hloov pauv tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees los ntawm kev tsim khoom tiag tiag. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li chav tsev noj ethylene hauv ethylene carbonylation, ethylene yog tus nqi tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau MMA tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem no, uas yog ntau dua 85%.

 
Kev lag luam saw IV: PMMA tus nqi saw

PMMA, raws li cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm MMA, suav nrog ntau dua 70% ntawm kev noj txhua xyoo ntawm MMA.

Raws li tus nqi saw hlau muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm PMMA, nyob rau hauv uas cov chav tsev noj ntawm MMA yog 0.93, MMA yog xam raws li 13,400 yuan / tuj thiab PMMA yog xam raws li 15,800 yuan / tuj, tus nqi sib txawv ntawm MMA hauv PMMA nyiaj txog li. 79%, uas yog qhov feem pua ​​​​siab heev.

Hauv lwm lo lus, tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm MMA muaj kev cuam tshuam rau tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm PMMA, uas yog qhov muaj zog sib cuam tshuam. Raws li kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm ob qho tib si hauv peb lub xyoos dhau los, kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob yog ntau dua 82%, uas yog los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib raug zoo. Yog li ntawd, tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm MMA yuav ua rau tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm PMMA nyob rau tib qho kev taw qhia nrog qhov muaj feem ntau.