Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau qhov kub kub ntawm tetrahydrofuran thiab kev siv tswv yim
Tetrahydrofuran (THF) yog siv dav siv cov kuab tshuaj organic hauv kev lag luam chemical nrog cov kuab tshuaj siab thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom, thiab yog li ntawd tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, tshuaj thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb. Hauv daim ntawv no, peb yuav tham txog qhov tob ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm tetrahydrofuran, yam cuam tshuam rau nws thiab nws qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tswv yim.
I. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm tetrahydrofuran thiab nws cov ntsiab lus kub
Tetrahydrofuran (THF) yog cyclic ether nrog cov tshuaj formula C4H8O. Raws li cov kuab tshuaj uas nquag siv, tetrahydrofuran yog cov kua tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab ntawm chav tsev kub thiab muaj qhov tsis zoo. Tetrahydrofuran muaj qhov kub ntawm 66 ° C (kwv yees li 339 K), uas ua rau nws yooj yim rau evaporate thiab rov qab los ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem tshuaj. Tetrahydrofuran cov ntsiab lus qis qis kuj txhais tau hais tias nws tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sai, txo kev cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom ntej.
Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau qhov kub ntawm tetrahydrofuran
Txawm hais tias lub boiling point ntawm tetrahydrofuran muaj ib tug taag nqi nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj, nyob rau hauv kev xyaum lub boiling point ntawm tetrahydrofuran tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam:
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm ambient siab: Lub boiling point ntawm tetrahydrofuran nws txawv nrog ambient siab. Ntawm tus qauv atmospheric siab, lub boiling point ntawm tetrahydrofuran yog 66 ° C. Nyob rau hauv siab los yog tsawg siab, lub boiling point yuav hloov raws li. Feem ntau, qhov siab dua, qhov siab dua qhov kub ntawm tetrahydrofuran; conversely, nyob rau hauv lub nqus tsev vacuum, lub boiling point yuav txo.

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm purity: impurities hauv tetrahydrofuran yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam rau nws cov ntsiab lus kub. Yog tias cov tshuaj tetrahydrofuran muaj cov dej ntau los yog lwm cov kuab tshuaj impurities, nws cov boiling point yuav txawv ntawm cov ntshiab tetrahydrofuran. Tshwj xeeb, muaj cov dej noo, uas yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej, tuaj yeem tsim ib qho azeotrope nrog THF, ua rau muaj kev hloov me me hauv qhov kub kub.

Azeotropic phenomena: Hauv kev xyaum, tetrahydrofuran feem ntau tov nrog lwm cov kuab tshuaj los tsim cov azeotropic sib tov. Cov ntsiab lus kub ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw no feem ntau txawv ntawm cov khoom ntawm ib qho thiab azeotropy nyuaj rau kev sib cais. Yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv tetrahydrofuran ua ib qho hnyav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog nws tus cwj pwm azeotropic nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj.

III. Kev siv tswv yim ntawm tetrahydrofuran boiling point hauv kev lag luam
Cov khoom kub kub ntawm tetrahydrofuran muaj cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim tshuaj:
Rov qab thiab rov qab siv cov kuab tshuaj: Txij li tetrahydrofuran muaj qhov kub tsis tshua muaj kub, nws yooj yim kom rov qab los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw los ntawm distillation lossis lwm yam kev sib cais. Cov cuab yeej no tsis tsuas yog pab txo cov nqi tsim khoom, tab sis kuj txo qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig.

Cov ntawv thov hauv polymerization: Hauv qee qhov kev cuam tshuam polymerization, tetrahydrofuran muaj qhov kub nruab nrab, uas tso cai rau nws tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua haujlwm zoo. Nws cov volatility kuj tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm sai sai thaum kawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tiv thaiv kev tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom purity.

Daim ntawv thov hauv tshuaj synthesis: Tetrahydrofuran feem ntau yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj synthesis, nws lub boiling point yog nruab nrab, uas yog conducive rau lub meej tswj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tej yam kev mob. Tetrahydrofuran's ceev evaporation zog ua rau nws zoo heev nyob rau hauv post-reaction cais thiab purification txheej txheem.

Xaus
Lub boiling point ntawm tetrahydrofuran yog ib qho ntawm nws cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam. Kev nkag siab txog qhov kub ntawm tetrahydrofuran thiab nws cov kev cuam tshuam tuaj yeem pab cov tuam txhab tshuaj kom tswj tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo dua hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag thiab txhim kho cov khoom zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom. Kev siv tsim nyog ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv qis qis tuaj yeem pab ua kom rov ua tau zoo ntawm cov peev txheej thiab kev txhim kho ib puag ncig. Thaum xaiv thiab siv tetrahydrofuran ua cov kuab tshuaj, tag nrho kev txiav txim siab ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus kub kub thiab cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam yog tus yuam sij rau kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj.