Koj puas nco qab melamine? Nws yog lub npe hu ua "mis hmoov additive", tab sis kuj ceeb tias, nws yuav yog "hloov".

Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2, ib daim ntawv tshawb fawb tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv Nature, cov thawj coj thoob ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb phau ntawv xov xwm, thov tias melamine tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov khoom uas nyuaj dua li cov hlau thiab sib zog dua li yas, ntau rau tib neeg xav tsis thoob. Cov ntawv no tau luam tawm los ntawm ib pab neeg coj los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv nto moo Michael Strano, tus xibfwb hauv Department of Chemical Engineering ntawm Massachusetts Institute of Technology, thiab thawj tus kws sau ntawv yog tus kws kho mob tom qab Yuwei Zeng.

Lawv tshaj tawm lub npecov ntaub ntawv hauvvented los ntawm melamine 2DPA-1, ib tug ob-dimensional polymer uas nws tus kheej-assembles rau hauv cov ntawv los ua ib tug tsawg ntom tsis tau tsis tshua muaj zog, high-zoo cov ntaub ntawv, uas ob patents tau ua ntaub ntawv thov.

Melamine, feem ntau hu ua dimethylamine, yog dawb monoclinic siv lead ua uas zoo ib yam li mis nyuj p

Melamine yog tasteless thiab me ntsis soluble nyob rau hauv dej, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv methanol, formaldehyde, acetic acid, glycerin, pyridine, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog insoluble nyob rau hauv acetone thiab ether. Nws muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg lub cev, thiab Tuam Tshoj thiab WHO tau hais tias melamine yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau hauv kev ua zaub mov lossis khoom noj khoom haus, tab sis qhov tseeb melamine tseem tseem ceeb heev raws li cov khoom siv raw khoom thiab cov khoom siv raw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xim, lacquers, daim hlau, nplaum thiab lwm yam khoom muaj ntau yam kev siv.

Cov mis mos molecular ntawm melamine yog C3H6N6 thiab qhov hnyav molecular yog 126.12. Los ntawm nws cov qauv tshuaj, peb tuaj yeem paub tias melamine muaj peb lub ntsiab lus, carbon, hydrogen thiab nitrogen, thiab muaj cov qauv ntawm carbon thiab nitrogen rings, thiab cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm MIT pom hauv lawv cov kev sim uas cov melamine molecules monomers tuaj yeem loj hlob ntawm ob qhov loj me raws li qhov tsim nyog. tej yam kev mob, thiab cov hydrogen bonds nyob rau hauv lub molecules yuav tsau ua ke, ua nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd Lub hydrogen bonds nyob rau hauv lub molecules yuav tsau ua ke, ua rau nws tsim ib tug disc. zoo li nyob rau hauv tas li stacking, ib yam li cov hexagonal qauv tsim los ntawm ob-dimensional graphene, thiab cov qauv no yog heev ruaj khov thiab muaj zog, yog li melamine hloov mus rau hauv ib tug high-zoo ob-dimensional daim ntawv hu ua polyamide nyob rau hauv lub tes ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb.

Cov khoom siv kuj tsis yooj yim rau kev tsim khoom, Strano tau hais tias, thiab tuaj yeem tsim tau raws li kev daws teeb meem, los ntawm qhov 2DPA-1 zaj duab xis tom qab tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, muab txoj hauv kev yooj yim los ua cov khoom tsis tshua muaj tawv tsis tau nyias hauv ntau qhov ntau.

Cov kws tshawb fawb pom tau tias cov khoom tshiab muaj cov qauv ntawm elasticity, qhov ntsuas ntawm lub zog yuav tsum tau deform, uas yog plaub mus rau rau lub sij hawm ntau dua li cov iav mos mos. Lawv kuj pom tau hais tias txawm yog ib-rau-thooj li tuab li hlau, cov polymer muaj ob zaug lub zog tawm los, los yog lub zog yuav tsum tau tawg cov khoom.

Lwm yam khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom yog nws airtightness. Thaum lwm cov polymers muaj cov hlua sib tw nrog qhov khoob uas cov pa tuaj yeem khiav tawm, cov khoom tshiab muaj cov monomers uas lo ua ke zoo li Lego blocks thiab cov molecules tsis tuaj yeem nkag ntawm lawv.

Qhov no tso cai rau peb los tsim cov txheej txheej ultra-nyias uas tiv taus dej los yog roj nkag mus, "cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais. Hom txheej thaiv no tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv cov hlau hauv tsheb thiab lwm lub tsheb lossis cov qauv hlau. "

Tam sim no cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom kawm yuav ua li cas cov polymer tshwj xeeb no tuaj yeem tsim rau hauv ob sab hauv cov ntawv nthuav dav ntxiv thiab tab tom sim hloov nws cov molecular muaj pes tsawg leeg los tsim lwm hom ntaub ntawv tshiab.

Nws yog qhov tseeb tias cov khoom siv no yog qhov xav tau heev, thiab yog tias nws tuaj yeem tsim tawm ntau, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv loj rau lub tsheb, aerospace, thiab kev tiv thaiv ballistic. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm lub zog tshiab tsheb, txawm hais tias ntau lub teb chaws npaj rau theem ntawm cov roj tsheb tom qab 2035, tab sis tam sim no lub zog tshiab tsheb ntau yam tseem muaj teeb meem. Yog tias cov khoom siv tshiab no tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev lag luam tsheb, nws txhais tau hais tias qhov hnyav ntawm lub zog tshiab tsheb yuav raug txo kom tsawg, tab sis kuj yuav txo tau lub zog poob, uas yuav ua rau kev txhim kho ntau yam ntawm lub zog tshiab.